Hardware Acceleration of NIST FIPS 203 (ML-KEM) and FIPS 204 (ML-DSA)
Custom ASIC multiplier arrays executing Number Theoretic Transforms (NTT) and Gaussian noise sampling for post-quantum algorithms.
Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) Hardware Acceleration
HSMCryptography deploys highly parallelized butterfly execution units capable of computing forward and inverse NTTs over $Z_q[X]/(X^n + 1)$ in under 1,200 clock cycles, accelerating ML-KEM-512/768/1024 operations by 40x compared to optimized general-purpose CPUs.
Side-Channel Protection in Lattice Cryptography
Implementing constant-time polynomial evaluation, randomized masking of secret polynomial coefficients, and secure shuffling to protect lattice-based schemes against power and electromagnetic analysis.
- NTT Hardware Pipelines: Line-rate polynomial ring multiplication achieving sub-50 microsecond key encapsulation.
- Hardware Rejection Samplers: Constant-time uniform and binomial noise sampling avoiding timing side-channel leakage.
- Modular Multipliers: High-radix Montgomery multiplier architectures optimized for 12-bit to 32-bit prime moduli.
- Hybrid Classical-PQC Cores: Simultaneous execution of ECDSA/RSA alongside ML-DSA for hybrid migration architectures.
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